Which disorder is characterized by an inability to express language due to brain damage?

Aphasia is a condition that arises from damage to the areas of the brain responsible for language processing. This disorder affects an individual's ability to communicate effectively, which may include difficulties in speaking, understanding speech, reading, or writing. The brain damage leading to aphasia can occur from various causes, such as stroke, traumatic brain injury, or neurological diseases. As a result, a person with aphasia may struggle to find words, construct sentences, or follow conversations, making it challenging to express themselves verbally.

In contrast, apraxia is a motor disorder that affects a person's ability to perform learned movements, though their comprehension may remain intact. Dysarthria involves difficulties with the physical production of speech due to muscle control issues, which may stem from neurological conditions, but it still allows for the intention and thought processes behind language. Lastly, anxiety disorder refers to a mental health condition characterized by excessive worry and fear, and it does not directly impact language expression related to brain function. Understanding these distinctions helps clarify why aphasia is specifically designated as the disorder linked to an inability to express language due to brain damage.